-Building+Typology+Analysis

 **Hybrid Morphologies: Infrastructure, Architecture, Landscape**

 Infrastructure has played a key role in reformatting the urban fabric of many cities around the world within the last century, and will continue to do so in the future. Infrastructure as an architecture has been a territory for architectural exploration since the early twentieth century. Many European and American urbanists and architects envisioned interwoven networks of architecture and transportation infrastructure such as Le curbusier's 1931 Fort l'Empereur project, KenzoTange's 1960 "Plan for Tokyo Bay", Paul Rudolph's 1961 Lower Manhattan Expressway and many other projects done by the Metabolists. Recently, the rapid growth and densification of many urban centers in USA in addition to other environmental, economical and social factors have encouraged architects and urban planners to re-explore this territory challenging the boundaries between architecture, landscape and infrastructure.  The air rights above and beneath the leftover spaces and along elevated highways, rail lines and other transportation infrastructure elements are particularly compelling conditions through which to question contemporary conceptions of the public realm and the possibility of enhancing people gathering in these marginalized spaces within the transportation zones. Highway air rights discussions often highlight the difficulties in inhabiting these locations but there is nothing generic about such conditions. Each site must be examined and understood separately.   **Generic Component of Transportation Infrastructure**

Transportation zones and the motorways impose some generic activities such as walking, eating, shopping and other typologies of short-term activities. Consequently an architectural need to accommodate these activities emerges. Largely, design has been excluded from the spaces of movement in the united states. Transportation infrastructure, energized by the continuous flow of people and cars, offers a unique opportunity for designing a complex layering of space, movement, experience. The residual spaces flanking road infrastructure are the very location where new hybrid programs can take place. Supporting the short-term activities with long-term ones -such as cultural activities or residential uses- or even unprogrammed spaces is a successful approach in many designs in this typology. Residual spaces when filled with program become highly accessible zones and an effective networks that capable of connecting fragmented urban fabric

